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参考 B 站楠哥教你学 Java4 小时学会 MyBatis视频

ORMapping: Object Relationship Mapping 对象关系映射

对象指⾯向对象

关系指关系型数据库

Java 到 MySQL 的映射,开发者可以以⾯向对象的思想来管理数据库。

H2如何使⽤

  • 新建 Maven 工程,pom.xml
xml<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.4.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>8.0.11</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <version>1.18.6</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <resources> <resource> <directory>src/main/java</directory> <includes> <include>**/*.xml</include> </includes> </resource> </resources> </build>
  • 新建数据表
javause mybatis; create table t_account( id int primary key auto_increment, username varchar(11), password varchar(11), age int )
  • 新建数据表对应的实体类 Account
javapackage com.southwind.entity; import lombok.Data; @Data public class Account { private long id; private String username; private String password; private int age; }
  • 创建 MyBatis 的配置⽂件 config.xml,⽂件名可自定义
xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <!-- 配置MyBatis运⾏环境 --> <environments default="development"> <environment id="development"> <!-- 配置JDBC事务管理 --> <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager> <!-- POOLED配置JDBC数据源连接池 --> <dataSource type="POOLED"> <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"> </property> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"></property> <property name="username" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="root"></property> </dataSource> </environment> </environments> </configuration>

H3使⽤原生接⼝

  1. MyBatis 框架需要开发者自定义 SQL 语句,写在 Mapper.xml ⽂件中,实际开发中,会为每个实体类创建对应的 Mapper.xml ,定义管理该对象数据的 SQL。

AccountMapper.xml

xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.southwind.mapper.AccountMapper"> <insert id="save" parameterType="com.southwind.entity.Account"> insert into t_account(username,password,age) values(#{username},#{password},#{age}) </insert> </mapper>
  • namespace 通常设置为⽂件所在包+⽂件名的形式。
  • insert 标签表示执⾏添加操作。
  • select 标签表示执⾏查询操作。
  • update 标签表示执⾏更新操作。
  • delete 标签表示执⾏删除操作。
  • id 是实际调⽤ MyBatis ⽅法时需要⽤到的参数。
  • parameterType 是调⽤对应⽅法时参数的数据类型。
  1. 在全局配置⽂件 config.xml 中注册 AccountMapper.xml
xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <!-- 配置MyBatis运⾏环境 --> <environments default="development"> <environment id="development"> <!-- 配置JDBC事务管理 --> <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager> <!-- POOLED配置JDBC数据源连接池 --> <dataSource type="POOLED"> <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"></property> <property name="username" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="root"></property> </dataSource> </environment> </environments> <!-- 注册AccountMapper.xml --> <mappers> <mapper resource="com/southwind/mapper/AccountMapper.xml"></mapper> </mappers> </configuration>
  1. 调⽤ MyBatis 的原⽣接⼝执⾏添加操作。
javapublic class Test { public static void main(String[] args) { //加载MyBatis配置⽂件 InputStream inputStream = Test.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("config.xml"); SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder(); SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(inputStream); SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(); String statement = "com.southwind.mapper.AccountMapper.save"; Account account = new Account(1L,"张三","123123",22); sqlSession.insert(statement,account); sqlSession.commit(); } }

H3通过 Mapper 代理实现自定义接⼝

  • 自定义接⼝,定义相关业务⽅法。

  • 编写与⽅法相对应的 Mapper.xml。

  1. 自定义接⼝

AccountRepository.java

javapackage com.southwind.repository; import com.southwind.entity.Account; import java.util.List; public interface AccountRepository { public int save(Account account); public int update(Account account); public int deleteById(long id); public List<Account> findAll(); public Account findById(long id); }
  1. 创建接⼝对应的 Mapper.xml,定义接⼝⽅法对应的 SQL 语句。

statement 标签可根据 SQL 执⾏的业务选择 insertdeleteupdateselect

MyBatis 框架会根据规则自动创建接⼝实现类的代理对象。

规则:

  • Mapper.xml 中 namespace 为接⼝的全类名。
  • Mapper.xml 中 statement 的 id 为接⼝中对应的⽅法名。
  • Mapper.xml 中 statement 的 parameterType 和接⼝中对应⽅法的参数类型一致。
  • Mapper.xml 中 statement 的 resultType 和接⼝中对应⽅法的返回值类型一致。

AccountRepository.xml

xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.southwind.repository.AccountRepository"> <insert id="save" parameterType="com.southwind.entity.Account"> insert into t_account(username,password,age) values(#{username},#{password},#{age}) </insert> <update id="update" parameterType="com.southwind.entity.Account"> update t_account set username = #{username},password = #{password},age= #{age} where id = #{id} </update> <delete id="deleteById" parameterType="long"> delete from t_account where id = #{id} </delete> <select id="findAll" resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account"> select * from t_account </select> <select id="findById" parameterType="long" resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account"> select * from t_account where id = #{id} </select> </mapper>
  1. 在 config.xml 中注册 AccountRepository.xml
xml<!-- 注册AccountMapper.xml --> <mappers> <mapper resource="com/southwind/repository/AccountRepository.xml"></mapper> </mappers>
  1. 调⽤接⼝的代理对象完成相关的业务操作
javapackage com.southwind.test; import com.southwind.entity.Account; import com.southwind.repository.AccountRepository; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.List; public class Test2 { public static void main(String[] args) { InputStream inputStream = Test.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("config.xml"); SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder(); SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(inputStream); SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(); //获取实现接⼝的代理对象 AccountRepository accountRepository = sqlSession.getMapper(AccountRepository.class); //添加对象 // Account account = new Account(3L,"王五","111111",24); // int result = accountRepository.save(account); // sqlSession.commit(); //查询全部对象 // List<Account> list = accountRepository.findAll(); // for (Account account:list) { // System.out.println(account); // } // sqlSession.close(); //通过id查询对象 // Account account = accountRepository.findById(3L); // System.out.println(account); // sqlSession.close(); //修改对象 // Account account = accountRepository.findById(3L); // account.setUsername("⼩小明"); // account.setPassword("000"); // account.setAge(18); // int result = accountRepository.update(account); // sqlSession.commit(); // System.out.println(result); // sqlSession.close(); //通过id删除对象 int result = accountRepository.deleteById(3L); System.out.println(result); sqlSession.commit(); sqlSession.close(); } }

注意增删改需要提交sqlSession.commit();查询不需要提交。

H2Mapper.xml 详解

  • statement 标签:select、update、delete、insert 分别对应查询、修改、删除、添加操作。
  • parameterType:参数数据类型

可以省略配置 parameterType,因为 mybatis 能自动识别,但返回值类型不能不写

  1. 基本数据类型,通过 id 查询 Account
xml<select id="findById" parameterType="long" resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account"> select * from t_account where id = #{id} </select>
  1. 包装类,通过 id 查询 Account
xml<select id="findById2" parameterType="java.lang.Long" resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account"> select * from t_account where id = #{id} </select>
  1. String 类型,通过 name 查询 Account
xml<select id="findByName" parameterType="java.lang.String" resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account"> select * from t_account where username = #{username} </select>
  1. 多个参数,通过 name 和 age 查询 Account
xml<select id="findByNameAndAge" resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account"> select * from t_account where username = #{arg0} and age = #{arg1} </select>

arg0arg1 可换成 param1param2

  1. Java Bean
xml<update id="update" parameterType="com.southwind.entity.Account"> update t_account set username = #{username},password = #{password},age = #{age} where id = #{id} </update>
  • resultType:结果类型,返回值类型
  1. 基本数据类型,统计 Account 总数
xml<select id="count" resultType="int"> select count(id) from t_account </select>
  1. 包装类,统计 Account 总数
xml<select id="count2" resultType="java.lang.Integer"> select count(id) from t_account </select>
  1. String 类型,通过 id 查询 Account 的 name
xml<select id="findNameById" resultType="java.lang.String"> select username from t_account where id = #{id} </select>
  1. Java Bean
xml<select id="findById" parameterType="long" resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account"> select * from t_account where id = #{id} </select>

H2及联查询

H3一对多

Student

javapackage com.southwind.entity; import lombok.Data; @Data public class Student { private long id; private String name; private Classes classes; }

Classes

javapackage com.southwind.entity; import lombok.Data; import java.util.List; @Data public class Classes { private long id; private String name; private List<Student> students; }

StudentRepository

javapackage com.southwind.repository; import com.southwind.entity.Student; public interface StudentRepository { public Student findById(long id); }

StudentRepository.xml

xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.southwind.repository.StudentRepository"> <resultMap id="studentMap" type="com.southwind.entity.Student"> <id column="id" property="id"></id> <result column="name" property="name"></result> <association property="classes" javaType="com.southwind.entity.Classes"> <id column="cid" property="id"></id> <result column="cname" property="name"></result> </association> </resultMap> <select id="findById" parameterType="long" resultMap="studentMap"> select s.id,s.name,c.id as cid,c.name as cname from student s,classes c where s.id = #{id} and s.cid = c.id </select> </mapper>

association 是用于一对一多对一

ClassesRepository

javapackage com.southwind.repository; import com.southwind.entity.Classes; public interface ClassesRepository { public Classes findById(long id); }

ClassesRepository.xml

xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.southwind.repository.ClassesRepository"> <resultMap id="classesMap" type="com.southwind.entity.Classes"> <id column="cid" property="id"></id> <result column="cname" property="name"></result> <collection property="students" ofType="com.southwind.entity.Student"> <id column="id" property="id"/> <result column="name" property="name"/> </collection> </resultMap> <select id="findById" parameterType="long" resultMap="classesMap"> select s.id,s.name,c.id as cid,c.name as cname from student s,classes c where c.id = #{id} and s.cid = c.id </select> </mapper>

collection 是用于一对多的关系

H3多对多

Customer

javapackage com.southwind.entity; import lombok.Data; import java.util.List; @Data public class Customer { private long id; private String name; private List<Goods> goods; }

Goods

javapackage com.southwind.entity; import lombok.Data; import java.util.List; @Data public class Goods { private long id; private String name; private List<Customer> customers; }

CustomerRepository.java

javapackage com.southwind.repository; import com.southwind.entity.Customer; public interface CustomerRepository { public Customer findById(long id); }

CustomerRepository.xml

xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.southwind.repository.CustomerRepository"> <resultMap id="customerMap" type="com.southwind.entity.Customer"> <id column="cid" property="id"></id> <result column="cname" property="name"></result> <collection property="goods" ofType="com.southwind.entity.Goods"> <id column="gid" property="id"/> <result column="gname" property="name"/> </collection> </resultMap> <select id="findById" parameterType="long" resultMap="customerMap"> select c.id cid,c.name cname,g.id gid,g.name gname from customer c,goods g,customer_goods cg where c.id = #{id} and cg.cid = c.id and cg.gid = g.id </select> </mapper>

GoodsRepository

javapackage com.southwind.repository; import com.southwind.entity.Goods; public interface GoodsRepository { public Goods findById(long id); }

GoodsRepository.xml

xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.southwind.repository.GoodsRepository"> <resultMap id="goodsMap" type="com.southwind.entity.Goods"> <id column="gid" property="id"></id> <result column="gname" property="name"></result> <collection property="customers" ofType="com.southwind.entity.Customer"> <id column="cid" property="id"/> <result column="cname" property="name"/> </collection> </resultMap> <select id="findById" parameterType="long" resultMap="goodsMap"> select c.id cid,c.name cname,g.id gid,g.name gname from customer c,goods g,customer_goods cg where g.id = #{id} and cg.cid = c.id and cg.gid = g.id </select> </mapper>

H2逆向⼯程

MyBatis 框架需要:实体类、自定义 Mapper 接⼝、Mapper.xml

作用:传统的开发中上述的三个组件需要开发者⼿手动创建,逆向工程可以帮助开发者来自动创建三个组件,减轻开发者的工作量量,提高工作效率。

缺点:只执行一次。如果需要对表进行修改,需要删除已经生成的资源,重新去生成。

H3如何使⽤

MyBatis Generator,简称 MBG,是一个专⻔为 MyBatis 框架开发者定制的代码⽣成器,可自动⽣成 MyBatis 框架所需的实体类、Mapper 接⼝、Mapper.xml,⽀持基本的 CRUD 操作,但是一些相对复杂的 SQL 需要开发者自⼰来完成。

  • 新建 Maven 工程,pom.xml
xml<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId> <version>3.4.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>8.0.11</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-generator-core</artifactId> <version>1.3.2</version> </dependency> </dependencies>
  • 创建 MBG 配置⽂件 generatorConfig.xml
  1. jdbcConnection 配置数据库连接信息。
  2. javaModelGenerator 配置 JavaBean 的⽣成策略。
  3. sqlMapGenerator 配置 SQL 映射⽂件⽣成策略。
  4. javaClientGenerator 配置 Mapper 接⼝的⽣成策略。
  5. table 配置目标数据表(tableName:表名,domainObjectName:JavaBean 类名)。
xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE generatorConfiguration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-generator-config_1_0.dtd"> <generatorConfiguration> <context id="testTables" targetRuntime="MyBatis3"> <jdbcConnection driverClass="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver" connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis? useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8" userId="root" password="root" ></jdbcConnection> <javaModelGenerator targetPackage="com.southwind.entity" targetProject="./src/main/java"></javaModelGenerator> <sqlMapGenerator targetPackage="com.southwind.repository" targetProject="./src/main/java"></sqlMapGenerator> <javaClientGenerator type="XMLMAPPER" targetPackage="com.southwind.repository" targetProject="./src/main/java"></javaClientGenerator> <table tableName="t_user" domainObjectName="User"></table> </context> </generatorConfiguration>
  • 创建 Generator 执⾏类。
javapackage com.southwind.test; import org.mybatis.generator.api.MyBatisGenerator; import org.mybatis.generator.config.Configuration; import org.mybatis.generator.config.xml.ConfigurationParser; import org.mybatis.generator.exception.InvalidConfigurationException; import org.mybatis.generator.exception.XMLParserException; import org.mybatis.generator.internal.DefaultShellCallback; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; import java.sql.SQLException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { List<String> warings = new ArrayList<String>(); boolean overwrite = true; String genCig = "/generatorConfig.xml"; File configFile = new File(Main.class.getResource(genCig).getFile()); ConfigurationParser configurationParser = new ConfigurationParser(warings); Configuration configuration = null; try { configuration = configurationParser.parseConfiguration(configFile); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (XMLParserException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } DefaultShellCallback callback = new DefaultShellCallback(overwrite); MyBatisGenerator myBatisGenerator = null; try { myBatisGenerator = new MyBatisGenerator(configuration,callback,warings); } catch (InvalidConfigurationException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } try { myBatisGenerator.generate(null); } catch (SQLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }

H2MyBatis 延迟加载

什么是延迟加载?

延迟加载也叫懒加载、惰性加载,使⽤延迟加载可以提⾼程序的运行效率,针对于数据持久层的操作,在某些特定的情况下去访问特定的数据库,在其他情况下可以不访问某些表,从一定程度上减少了了 Java 应⽤与数据库的交互次数。

查询学生和班级的时,学⽣和班级是两张不同的表,如果当前需求只需要获取学生的信息,那么查询学⽣单表即可,如果需要通过学⽣获取对应的班级信息,则必须查询两张表。

不同的业务需求,需要查询不同的表,根据具体的业务需求来动态减少数据表查询的工作就是延迟加载。

  • 在 config.xml 中开启延迟加载

    xml<settings> <!-- 打印SQL--> <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING" /> <!-- 开启延迟加载 --> <setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/> </settings>
  • 将多表关联查询拆分成多个单表查询

StudentRepository

public Student findByIdLazy(long id);

StudentRepository.xml

xml<resultMap id="studentMapLazy" type="com.southwind.entity.Student"> <id column="id" property="id"></id> <result column="name" property="name"></result> <association property="classes" javaType="com.southwind.entity.Classes" select="com.southwind.repository.ClassesRepository.findByIdLazy" column="cid"> </association> </resultMap> <select id="findByIdLazy" parameterType="long" resultMap="studentMapLazy"> select * from student where id = #{id} </select>

ClassesRepository

public Classes findByIdLazy(long id);

ClassesRepository.xml

xml<select id="findByIdLazy" parameterType="long" resultType="com.southwind.entity.Classes"> select * from classes where id = #{id} </select>

H2MyBatis 缓存

  • 什么是 MyBatis 缓存

使⽤缓存可以减少 Java 应⽤与数据库的交互次数,从⽽而提升程序的运⾏效率。⽐如查询出 id = 1 的对象,第一次查询出之后会自动将该对象保存到缓存中,当下一次查询时,直接从缓存中取出对象即可,⽆无需再次访问数据库。

  • MyBatis 缓存分类
  1. 一级缓存:SqlSession 级别,默认开启,并且不能关闭。

操作数据库时需要创建 SqlSession 对象,在对象中有一个 HashMap ⽤于存储缓存数据,不同的 SqlSession 之间缓存数据区域是互不影响的。

一级缓存的作⽤域是 SqlSession 范围的,当在同一个 SqlSession 中执⾏两次相同的 SQL 语句时,第一次执⾏完毕会将结果保存到缓存中,第二次查询时直接从缓存中获取。

需要注意的是,如果 SqlSession 执⾏了了 DML 操作(insert、update、delete),MyBatis 必须将缓存 清空以保证数据的准确性。

  1. 二级缓存:Mapper 级别,默认关闭,可以开启。

使⽤二级缓存时,多个 SqlSession 使⽤同一个 Mapper 的 SQL 语句操作数据库,得到的数据会存在二级缓存区,同样是使⽤ HashMap 进⾏数据存储,相⽐较于一级缓存,二级缓存的范围更⼤,多个 SqlSession 可以共⽤二级缓存,二级缓存是跨 SqlSession 的。

二级缓存是多个 SqlSession 共享的,其作⽤域是 Mapper 的同一个 namespace,不同的 SqlSession 两次执⾏相同的 namespace 下的 SQL 语句,参数也相等,则第一次执⾏成功之后会将数据保存到二级缓存中,第二次可直接从二级缓存中取出数据。

代码

  • 一级缓存
javapackage com.southwind.test; import com.southwind.entity.Account; import com.southwind.repository.AccountRepository; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder; import java.io.InputStream; public class Test4 { public static void main(String[] args) { InputStream inputStream = Test.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("config.xml"); SqlSessionFactoryBuilder sqlSessionFactoryBuilder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder(); SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactoryBuilder.build(inputStream); SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(); AccountRepository accountRepository = sqlSession.getMapper(AccountRepository.class); Account account = accountRepository.findById(1L); System.out.println(account); sqlSession.close(); sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(); accountRepository = sqlSession.getMapper(AccountRepository.class); Account account1 = accountRepository.findById(1L); System.out.println(account1); } }
  • 二级缓存
  1. MyBatis 自带的⼆级缓存
  • config.xml 配置开启⼆级缓存
xml<settings> <!-- 打印SQL--> <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING" /> <!-- 开启延迟加载 --> <setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/> <!-- 开启⼆二级缓存 --> <setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/> </settings>
  • Mapper.xml 中配置⼆级缓存
xml<cache></cache>
  • 实体类实现序列列化接⼝
javapackage com.southwind.entity; import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; import java.io.Serializable; @Data @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor public class Account implements Serializable { private long id; private String username; private String password; private int age; }
  1. ehcache 二级缓存
  • pom.xml 添加相关依赖
xml<dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-ehcache</artifactId> <version>1.0.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId> <artifactId>ehcache-core</artifactId> <version>2.4.3</version> </dependency>
  • 添加 ehcache.xml
xml<ehcache xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="../config/ehcache.xsd"> <diskStore/> <defaultCache maxElementsInMemory="1000" maxElementsOnDisk="10000000" eternal="false" overflowToDisk="false" timeToIdleSeconds="120" timeToLiveSeconds="120" diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120" memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU"> </defaultCache> </ehcache>
  • config.xml 配置开启⼆级缓存
xml<settings> <!-- 打印SQL--> <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING" /> <!-- 开启延迟加载 --> <setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/> <!-- 开启⼆二级缓存 --> <setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/> </settings>
  • Mapper.xml 中配置二级缓存
xml<cache type="org.mybatis.caches.ehcache.EhcacheCache"> <!-- 缓存创建之后,最后⼀次访问缓存的时间⾄至缓存失效的时间间隔 --> <property name="timeToIdleSeconds" value="3600"/> <!-- 缓存自创建时间起⾄至失效的时间间隔 --> <property name="timeToLiveSeconds" value="3600"/> <!-- 缓存回收策略略,LRU表示移除近期使⽤最少的对象 --> <property name="memoryStoreEvictionPolicy" value="LRU"/> </cache>
  • 实体类不需要实现序列化接⼝。
javapackage com.southwind.entity; import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; @Data @AllArgsConstructor @NoArgsConstructor public class Account { private long id; private String username; private String password; private int age; }

H2MyBatis 动态 SQL

使用动态 SQL 可简化代码的开发,减少开发者的工作量,程序可以⾃动根据业务参数来决定 SQL 的组 成。

  • if 标签
xml<select id="findByAccount" parameterType="com.southwind.entity.Account" resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account"> select * from t_account where <if test="id!=0"> id = #{id} </if> <if test="username!=null"> and username = #{username} </if> <if test="password!=null"> and password = #{password} </if> <if test="age!=0"> and age = #{age} </if> </select>

if 标签可以自动根据表达式的结果来决定是否将对应的语句添加到 SQL 中,如果条件不成⽴立则不添加, 如果条件成⽴立则添加。

  • where 标签
xml<select id="findByAccount" parameterType="com.southwind.entity.Account" resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account"> select * from t_account <where> <if test="id!=0"> id = #{id} </if> <if test="username!=null"> and username = #{username} </if> <if test="password!=null"> and password = #{password} </if> <if test="age!=0"> and age = #{age} </if> </where> </select>

where 标签可以自动判断是否要删除语句块中的 and 关键字,如果检测到 where 直接跟 and 拼接,则自动删除 and,通常情况下 if 和 where 结合起来使⽤。

  • choose 、when 标签
xml<select id="findByAccount" parameterType="com.southwind.entity.Account" resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account"> select * from t_account <where> <choose> <when test="id!=0"> id = #{id} </when> <when test="username!=null"> username = #{username} </when> <when test="password!=null"> password = #{password} </when> <when test="age!=0"> age = #{age} </when> </choose> </where> </select>
  • trim 标签

trim 标签中的 prefix 和 suffix 属性会被⽤于⽣成实际的 SQL 语句,会和标签内部的语句进⾏拼接,如果语句前后出现了 prefixOverrides 或者 suffixOverrides 属性中指定的值,MyBatis 框架会自动将其删除。

xml<select id="findByAccount" parameterType="com.southwind.entity.Account" resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account"> select * from t_account <trim prefix="where" prefixOverrides="and"> <if test="id!=0"> id = #{id} </if> <if test="username!=null"> and username = #{username} </if> <if test="password!=null"> and password = #{password} </if> <if test="age!=0"> and age = #{age} </if> </trim> </select>
  • set 标签

set 标签⽤于 update 操作,会⾃动根据参数选择生成 SQL 语句。

xml<update id="update" parameterType="com.southwind.entity.Account"> update t_account <set> <if test="username!=null"> username = #{username}, </if> <if test="password!=null"> password = #{password}, </if> <if test="age!=0"> age = #{age} </if> </set> where id = #{id} </update>
  • foreach 标签

foreach 标签可以迭代生成⼀系列值,这个标签主要用于 SQL 的 in 语句。

select * from t_account where id in (1,4,5)

xml<select id="findByIds" parameterType="com.southwind.entity.Account" resultType="com.southwind.entity.Account"> select * from t_account <where> <foreach collection="ids" open="id in (" close=")" item="id" separator=","> #{id} </foreach> </where> </select>

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